Impact of Cause and effect of ecological degradation relationship economy: case of Madagascar

Abstract

The exploitation of natural resources is at stake, because according to the Malthus theory "population progresses in a geographical way, while resources progressing an arithmetically". So, the exploitation of its natural resources brings about benefits to the State through various economic activities. Therefore, there is a very narrow correlation on economic activities by different variables such as deforestation that are presented a set off all disparity of its natural resources, reforestation, arrivals of foreign tourists and reforestation, all its variables. In addition, this work was modeled by the MEC error correction model analysis. This model makes it possible to know the cointegration and correlation between the variables by the short-term elasticity and the long term elasticity.  Thus, deforestation in Madagascar is traditionally the massive form that is presented it as an exogenous variable and at the same time endogenous ones. It is through this model analysis of this error correction that allows us to know the causal effect according the Granger meaning.  In general, the exploitation of this natural resources brings about economic benefit in a short-term way for the public minority, but in the long term it remains stable. On the other hand, the public majority suffer the consequences because the percentage of deforestation is very high compared to that of reforestation or forest restoration which requires many parameters such as financing, the moment, land to afforest etc ... While the State intervenes every year through different actors as companies, national and international NGOs such as REDD,... in order to curb and reduce the rate of deforestation.