IMPORTANCE DE PROGRAMMES DE MISE EN PLACE DE CENTRE D’INCUBATION DES START-UP DANS LE MONDE RURAL. CAS DE LA REGION D’ANALANJIROFO, MADAGASCAR

Abstract

From classical theory to the present day, the economic importance of business is an area on which most authors agree. The start-up is considered to be the foundation of business creation. As a young, innovative company with high growth potential, often the object of fund-raising, the start-up needs support structures such as incubation centers. Dominated by a young population living mainly in rural areas, Madagascar can align its development policy with the promotion of its start-ups. The aim of this manuscript is to demonstrate the value of popularizing start-up incubation programs in rural areas. To this end, we conducted interviews with 120 start-ups in a region of northeastern Madagascar. The data collected was processed using SPSS software. Our results show that the majority of business incubation centers are concentrated in urban or suburban areas. This prevents rural start-ups from benefiting in turn. A large proportion of rural start-ups (92%), often located in remote areas, fail to take off due to a lack of support in the entrepreneurial environment, despite their innovative projects. Some of them proceed by trial and error, with luck playing a key role in their success. In reality, the country's development model does not effectively take into account endogenous factors such as the promotion of new small businesses. In Madagascar, the rural world is still excluded from many entrepreneurial actions and programs, despite its economic and demographic importance. The issue of poverty in this country is sometimes the result of strategies that are inadequate to the reality of the rural world. The government needs to take advantage of the demographic structure and rurality, by popularizing Malagasy start-up incubation programs.